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TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS SOLVED
1. Identify the country:
(a) The struggle among pro-monarchy, pro-democracy groups and extremists created an
atmosphere of political instability.
(b) A landlocked country with multi¬party competition.
(c) The first country to liberalise the economy in the South Asian region.
(d) In the conflict between the military and pro-democracy groups, the military has prevailed
over democracy.
(e) Centrally located and shares borders with most of the South Asian Countries.
(f) Earlier the island had the Sultans as the head of state. Now, it is a republic.
(g) Small savings and credit cooperatives in the rural areas have helped in reducing poverty.
( h ) A landlocked country with a monarchy.
Answer: (a) Nepal
(b) Bhutan
(c) India
(d) Pakistan
(e) India
(f) Maldives
(g) India
(h) Nepal
2. Which among the following statements about South Asia is wrong?
(a) All the countries in South Asia are democratic.
(b) Bangladesh and India have signed an agreement on river-water sharing.
(c) SAFTA was signed at the 12th SAARC Summit in South Asian politics.
(d) The US and China play an influential role in South Asian politics.
Answer: (a) All the countries in South Asia are democratic.
3. What are some of the commonalities and differences between Bangladesh and Pakistan
in their democratic experiences?
Answer: Bangladesh has been the part of Pakistan itself. Both of these countries bear some
similarities and differences as follows:
Commonalities
1. Both Bangladesh and Pakistan were under a military rule.
2. At both the places, the struggle for democracy took place in their own way.
3. Pakistan’s administration began under the command of General Ayub Khan and gave up
due to dissatisfaction among people giving way to Yahya’s military rule and continued with the
army rule though elections were held by military rulers to give a democratic shape to their own
rule.
4. In the same way, Bangladesh drafted its own constitution to begin with democracy. Sheikh
Mujibur Rahman formed presidential setup by abolishing all the parties except Awami Legue.
But after his assassination the new military ruler Zia-ur-Rahman formed his own party and
won elections in 1979. Later on he was also assassinated and another military leader Lt. Gen.
H.M. Ershad took over. Differences
1. In Pakistan, military, clergy and land-owning aristocrats dominated socially to overthrow
elected government whereas in Bangladesh the leaders and their party members dominated
for the same.
2. Pro-military groups have become more powerful due to conflict with India in Pakistan
whereas in Bangladesh, pro-military groups are powerful due to friendship and encouragement
of India.
4. List three challenges to democracy in Nepal.
Answer: The three challenges to democracy in Nepal were the result of a triangular conflict
between-
1. the monarchist forces
2. the democrats
3. the Maoists
These challenges created massive, countrywide, pro-democracy protest in April 2006.
5. Name the principal players in the ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka. How do you assess the
prospects of the resolution of this conflict?
Answer: The principal players in the ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka were Sinhala and Sri Lankan
Tamils.
After its independence, politics in Sri Lanka was dominated by the interests of Sinhala
community who was hostile to Tamils, who migrated from India to be settled there. Sinhalese
presumed Sri Lanka to be belonged to them only, hence no concession should be given to
Tamils. This created militant Tamil nationalism
i. e. ‘Ethnic conflict’.
Despite the revenges of internal conflict Sri Lanka has maintained democratic political system
and registered considerable economic growth and high level of human development.
6. Mention some of the recent agreements between India and Pakistan. Can we be sure that
the two countries are well in their way to a friendly relationship?
Answer: Although Indo-Pakistan relations seem to be the story of endemic conflict and
violence, there have been a series of efforts to manage tensions and build peace under the
various agreements:
1. Agreed to undertake confidence building measures to reduce the risk of war.
2. Social activists and prominent personalities have collaborated to create an atmosphere of
friendship.
3. Leaders have met at summits to better understanding.
4. Bus routes have been opened up between these two countries.
5. Trade between the two parts of Punjab has increased substantially in the last five years.
6. Visas have been given more easily. No, despite the above mentioned agreements and
initiatives, we can not be sure that both the countries are well in their way to friendship, still
some areas of conflict exist there to be sorted out,
7. Mention two areas each of cooperation and disagreement between India and Bangladesh.
Answer: Disagreement
1. Differences over the sharing of the Ganga and Brahmaputra river waters.
2. Illegal immigration to India.
3. Refusal to allow Indian troops to move through its territory.
4. Not to export natural gas to India.
Cooperation
1. Economic relations have been improved considerably within last ten years.
2. Bangladesh is the part of India’s ‘Look East’ policy to link up with southeast Asia via
Myanmar.
3. Cooperated on the issues of disaster management and environment.
4. Cooperation on identifying common threats and being more sensitive to each other’s needs.
8. How are the external powers influencing bilateral relations in South Asia? Take any one
example to illustrate your point.
Answer: The external powers influence bilateral relations in South Asia because no region
exists in the vacuum. It is influenced by outside powers and events no matter how much it
may try to insulate itself from non-regional powers:
1. China and the US remain key players in South Asian politics.
2. Sino-Indian relations have improved significantly in the last ten years, but China’s strategic
partnership with Pakistan remains a major irritant.
3. The demands of development and globalisation have brought the two Asian giants closer
and their economic ties have multiplied rapidly since 1991.
4. The US enjoys good relations with both India and Pakistan and works as a moderator in
Indo-Pak relations.
5. Economic reforms and liberal economic policies in both the countries have increased the
depth of American participation. . _
6. The large South Asian economy remains in the US and the huge size of population and
markets of the region give America an added stake in the future of regional security and peace.
9. Write a short note on the role and the limitations of SAARC as a forum for facilitating
economic cooperation among the South Asian Countries.
Answer: Role of SAARC: Role of SAARC can be identified as follows:
1. ‘South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation’ (SAARC) is a regional initiative among
South Asian states to evolve cooperation since 1985 onwards.
2. It consists of seven members to encourage mutual harmony and understanding.
3. SAARC has initiated SAFTA (South Asian Free Trade Agreement) to free trade zones for
wThole south Asia for collective economic security.
4. SAARC has projected on economic development of its member states to reduce their
dependencies on the non-regional powers.
Limitations: SAARC is growing slowly due to political differences among its member states—
1. Only the conflicts led to bilateral issues as Kashmir problem between India and Pak.
2. Some of the India’s neighbours fear that India intends to dominate them by influencing their
societies and politics.
3. SAARC members are from among the developing or least developing countries which
creates insufficiency of funds.
10. India’s neighbours often think that the Indian government tries to dominate and interfere
in the domestic affairs of the smaller countries of the region. Is this a correct impression?
Answer: No, the impression is not correct because India makes efforts to manage its
neighbours beyond its size and powers which can be justified on following grounds-
1. India often feels exploited by its neighbours.
2. On the other hand, India’s neighbours fear that India wants to dominate them regionally but
India is centrally located who shares borders with other countries geographically, which
should be accepted on mutual understanding.
3. India avoids political instability in its neighbouring states so that outsiders should not take
advantage of influence in the region.
MORE QUESTIONS SOLVED
Very Short Answer Type Questions [1 Mark]
1. Fill in the blanks:
The South Asian Free Trade Agreement (SAFTA) was signed by the members of in the year
Ans: SAARC, 2004.
2. Whose mediation resolved the Indus River water dispute between India and Pakistan?
Answer: The World Bank.
3. How long did East and West Pakistan remain together?
Answer: From 1947 to 1971.
4. What was the reason for the formation of SAARC?
Answer: The states of South Asia recognised cooperation and friendly relations among
themselves which gave birth to the formation of SAARC for mutual trust and understanding
among its member states.
5. What is the full form of SAARC?
Answer: SAARC: South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation.
6. Mention present status of Sri Lanka.
Answer: Sri Lanka has maintained a democratic political system alongwith a considerable
economic growth i.e. Sri Lanka is one of the first developing countries to control population
growth rate, liberalised economy and bears highest per capita Gross Domestic Product despite
ongoing conflicts.
7. What does the MDP stand for?
Answer: MDP stands for Maldivian Democratic Party.
8. Who took the command over Pakistan after its first constitution was framed?
Answer: General Ayub Khan.
9. What does SPA stand for?
Answer: SPA stands for Seven Party Alliance to protest against monarchy in Nepal.
10. What was the former name of Sri Lanka?
Answer: Ceylon.
11. Mention changes that occurred in Maldives.
Answer: 1. Transformed into a republic with a presidential form of government in 1968.
2. In June 2005, parliament voted unanimously to introduce multi¬party system.
3. Democracy strengthened after 2005 elections.
12. What is meant by Geo-politics?
Answer: Geo-politics refers togetherness of countries who are bound with each other
geographically and their interests are also interlinked politically and economically.
13. What do you mean by South Asia?
Answer: South Asia signifies a group of seven countries i.e. Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal,
Sri Lanka, Pakistan and the Maldives who stand for diversity in every sense but still constitute
one geo¬political space.
14. How did LTTE emerge?
Answer: LTTE emerged 1983 onwards on the negligence of Tamil interest by Sri Lanka
government. Hence, ‘Liberation Tigers of Tamil Elam’ (LTTE) took birth demanding a seperate
state for Tamil in Sri Lanka.
15. What does SAFTA stand for?
Answer: SAFTA: South Asian Free Trade Area Agreement.
Very Short Answer Type Questions [2 Marks]
1. Mention the names of member states of SAARC.
Answer: India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Pakistan and Maldives.
2. Mention any two objectives of SAARC.
Answer: 1. To provide an integrated programme for regional development.
2. To accelerate economic growth, social progress in the region.
3. “Democracy in South Asia has expanded the global imagination of democracy”. Do you
agree? Justify.
Answer: The various countries in South Asia have experienced mixed record of democracies
and the people also share an aspiration for democracy to be flourished not only in rich or
developed countries but in developing and underdeveloped countries also which can be drawn
from the examples of Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan and Maldives, because—
1. Every ordinary citizen, rich or poor belonging to different religions view the idea of
democracy positively and support the institutions of representative democracy.
2. They prefer democracy over any other form of democracy and think that democracy is
suitable for their country.
4. Explain the problems that India have with Pakistan.
Answer: India have following problems with Pakistan:
1. The problem of Kashmir on the issues of Pak occupied Kashmir (Pok) and Line of Control
(LOC). India claims Kashmir to be its integral part and Pakistan refuses to accept it. Hence,
wars took place in 1965 and 1971, but issue remained unsettled.
2. Problems over starting issues like control of Siachin glacier and over acquisition of arms
involved both the states acquiring nuclear weapons and missiles to deliver such arms against
each other in 1990s.
3. Pakistan government has been blamed for using a strategy of low key violence by helping
Kashmiri militants with arms, training, money and protection to carry out terrorist strikes
against India.
4. Pak’s spy agency Inter Services Intelligence (ISI) is alleged to involve in various anti India
campaigns.
5. “Military rule and democracy are the two sides of a coin in Pakistan”. Examine the
statement.
Answer: Military rule and democracy co-exist or are the two sides of a coin can be examined
with the following facts:
1. After the implementation of first constitution in Pakistan, General Ayub Khan took the
command, but was overthrown by military general Yahya Khan due to dissatisfaction of rule.
2. Again in 1971, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto formed an elected government which was later removed
by General Zia-ul- Haq in 1977.
3. 1982 onwards, pro-democracy movements took place resulting an elected democratic
government in 1988 under leadership of Benazir Bhutto, replaced by Nawaz Sharif.
4. Nawaz Sharif was again removed by General Pervez Musharraf in 1999 and in 2005, he got
himself elected as president but was later dethroned by the court.
6. What is Indus River Water Treaty? Mention its significance also.
Answer: India and Pakistan signed Indus River Water Treaty by the mediation of the world
bank in 1960 over the issue of sharing of rivers of the Indus basin. This treaty has been
survived despite many military conflicts between these two countries. .
7. Why did India help Bangladesh to get independence and how?
Answer: Bangladesh was created by the support of India because:
1. West Pakistan did not allow Awami League, an East Pakistani Party to form government
despite winning all the seats.
2. East Pakistanis rebelled against and were suppressed by the army of West Pakistan,
resulting large scale migration into India.
3. This created huge refugee problem for India.
4. Hence, India supported the demand of East Pakistanis financially and militarily.
5. In December 1971, a war took place between India and Pakistan and ended with the
surrender of Pakistani forces by forming Bangladesh as an independent country.
8. Mention some points of agreement between India and Nepal.
Answer: India and Nepal enjoy the following agreements:
1. Allow their citizens to travel and work without visas and passport.
2. India is the largest aid giver to Nepal to provide financial and technical assistance in areas
of trade, scientific cooperation, common natural resources and electricity generation.
9. Mention the features of SAFTA.
Answer: South Asian Free Trade Agreement (SAFTA) was signed by SAARC members in 2004
with the following features:
1. Formation of Free Trade Zone for whole south Asia.
2. To sustain mutual trade and cooperation among SAARC members.
10. Mention some other conflicts in South Asia except with that of India.
Answer: 1. Nepal and Bhutan as well as Bangladesh and Myanmar have disagreement over
the migration of ethnic Nepalese into Bhutan and Rohingyas into Myanmar.
2. Bangladesh and Nepal bear some differences over the future of Himalayan river water.
Short Answer Type Questions [4 Marks]
1. Despite the mixed record of democratic experience, the people of all the countries of
South Asia share the aspiration of democracy.
Answer: The various countries in South Asia have experienced mixed record of democracies
and the people also share an aspiration for democracy to be flourished not only in rich or
developed countries but in developing and underdeveloped countries also which can be drawn
from the examples of Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan and Maldives, because:
1. Every ordinary citizen, rich or poor and belonging to different religions view the idea of
democracy positively and support the institutions of representative democracy.
2. They prefer democracy over any other form of democracy and think that democracy is
suitable for their country.
2. Describe any two major issues of conflicts between India and Pakistan leading to the war
of 1971.
Answer: The 1947-48 war resulted in the division of the province into Pakistan occupied
Kashmir (Pok) and the Indian province of Jammu and Kashmir divided by the Line of Control
(LOC). Pakistan claims Kashmir to be its part but India presumes it to be its integral part.
Hence, these conflicts led to war in 1971 and India won but the issues remain unsettled.
3. Describe any four consequences of Bangladesh war of 1971.
Ans: 1. India supported the demand of East Pakistan financially and militarily.
2. The war of 1971 made Pakistani forces to surrender in East Pakistan.
3. Bangladesh was formed as an independent country.
4. Bangladesh drafted its constitution declaring faith in secularism, democracy and socialism.
4. Explain India’s changing relationship with Pakistan.
Answer: Although Indo-Pakistan relations seem to be story of endemic conflict and violence,
there have been a series of efforts to manage tensions and build peace under the various
agreements:
1. Agreed to undertake confidence building measures to reduce the risk of war.
2. Social activists and prominent personalities have collaborated to create an atmosphere of
friendship.
3. Leaders have met at summits to create better understanding.
4. Bus routes have been opened up between these two countries.
5. Trade between the two parts of Punjab has increased substantially in the last five years.
6. Visas have been given more easily. Despite above mentioned agreements and initiatives, we
cannot be sure that both the countries are well on their way to friendship, still some areas of
conflict exist there to be sorted out.
5. Highlight any two issues of cooperation as well as confrontation each between India and
Bangladesh.
Or
Explain any two points of conflict between India and Bangladesh.
Answer: Co-operation:
1. Economic relations have been improved considerably in last ten years.
2. Bangladesh is the part of India’s ‘Look East’ policy to link up South East Asia via Myanmar.
3. Both the countries have cooperated regularly on the issues of disaster management and
environment.
Confrontation:
1. Bear differences over several issues including the sharing of Ganga and Brahmaputra river
water.
2. India is unhappy on the issues of denial of illegal immigration, refusal to allow Indian troops
and not to export natural gas to India.
6. What is meant by SAARC? How can peace and cooperation be enhanced through it?
Answer: SAARC stands for South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation for mutual trust
and understanding among states of South Asia.
Role of SAARC:
1. SAARC is a regional initiative among South Asian states to evolve cooperation since 1985
onwards.
2. It consists of seven member’s to encourage mutual harmony and understanding.
3. SAARC has initiated SAFTA (South Asian Free Trade Agreement) to form free trade zones
for whole South Asia for collective economic security.
4. SAARC has projected on economic development of its member states to reduce their
dependencies on the non-regional powers.
7. Name the countries included in South Asia. How can peace and cooperation be enhanced
in this region?
Answer: Countries included in South Asia are India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri
Lanka and Maldives. South Asian countries are diverse in every sense, still constitute one
\geo¬political space by enhancing peace and cooperation in the following way-
1. People in all these countries share an aspiration of fair democracy.
2. South Asian members recognise the importance of cooperation and friendly relations
among themselves.
3. SAARC is the regional initiative to evolve cooperation among member states.
4. SAARC members have signed South Asia Free Trade Agreement (SAFTA) to free trade for
the whole of south Asia.
8. How was democracy restored in Nepal over monarchy? Explain
Answer: Nepal was a Hindu kingdom in the past and then a constitutional monarchy in the
modern period for many years-
1. Throughout this period, the political parties and common people wanted to establish
democracy, but the king retained full control with the help of army and restricted expansion of
democracy.
2. The king accepted new democratic constitution in 1990 due. to pro-democracy movement
but again in 2007, due to triangular conflict of monarchists, democrats and maoists, king
abolished the parliament.
3. A massive countrywide pro¬democracy protest took place and achieved first major victory
to force king to restore the house of representatives.
4. But Nepal’s transition to democracy is not complete. It is moving towards the framing of
constituent assembly to France and its constitution.
9. Why did India and Nepal experience differences between themselves?
Ans: India and Nepal experience differences between themselves due to the following
reasons-
1. Indian government expressed displeasure at the warm relationship between Nepal and
China.
2. India is unhappy on inaction of Nepal government against anti-Indian elements.
3. The Maoist movement in Nepal is a security threat to India giving rise to Naxalite groups in
various states of India from Bihar in the North to Andhra Pradesh in the South.
10. Mention some features of Indo-Bhutan relationship.
Answer: India does not have any major conflict with the Bhutanese government.
1. The efforts made by Bhutanese monarch to weed out the gurillas and militants from north-
eastern India that operate in the country have been helpful to India.
2. India is involved in big hydroelectric projects in Bhutan and remains the Himalayan
Kingdom’s biggest source of development aid.
Passage Based Questions [5 Marks]
1. Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions:
Pakistan and Bangladesh have experienced both civilian and military rulers, with Bangladesh
remaining democracy, in the Post Cold War period. Pakistan began the post cold war period
with successive democratic governments under Benazir Bhutto and Nawaz Sharif
respectively. But it suffered a military coup in 1999 and-has been run by a military regime
since then. Till 2006, Nepal was a constitutional monarchy with the danger of the king taking
over executive powers. In 2006, a successful uprising led to restoration of democracy and
reduced the king to a nominal position, from the experience of Bangladesh and Nepal, we
can say that democracy is becoming an accepted norm in the entire region of South Asia.
Questions
1. How did Pakistan begin with Post Cold War period?
2. Mention two reasons for the aspiration of democracy in South Asia.
3. Why these findings are significant?
Answer:
1. Pakistan began with post cold war period with successive democratic government under
Benazir Bhutto and Nawaz Sharif.
2. Ordinary citizens rich or poor or belonging to different religions or institutions view
democracy more suitable and support them.
3. Because it was earlier believed that democracy could flourish and find support only in
prosperous countries of the world.
2. Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions:
No region exists in a vacuum. It is influenced by outside powers and events, no matter how
much it may try to insulate itself from non-regional powers. China and the United States
remain key players in South Asian politics. Sino-Indian relations have improved significantly
in the last ten years, but China’s strategic partnership with Pakistan remains a major irritant.
The demands of development and globalisation have brought the two Asian giants closer
and their economic ties have multiplied rapidly since 1991.
Questions
1. Which two countries have been referred to as outside powers?
2. Which are the two Asian giants and why they have been called so?
3. China’s strategic partnership with Pakistan is a major irritant for which country and why?
Answer:
1. The US and China.
2. India and China, because both of them have been considered as rising economic powers in
the world.
3. India, because China has been seen as a contributor to Pakistan’s nuclear programme.
Long Answer Type Questions [6 Marks]
1. Assess the positive and negative aspects of India’s relations with Bangladesh.
Answer: Bangladesh was a part of Pakistan from 1947 to 1971. It consisted of the partitioned
areas of Bengal and Assam from British India. The people of this region resented the
domination of Western Pakistan and the imposition of Urdu language. Soon after the partition,
they began protests against the unfair treatment meted out to the Bengali culture and
language. They demanded autonomy for the eastern region. But the government dominated
by the West Pakistan leadership refused their demand. The Pakistan army tried to suppress
the mass movement of the Bengali people. Thousands were killed by the Pakistan army. This
led a large scale migration into India, creating a huge refugee problem for India. The
government of India supported the demand of the people of East Pakistan for their
independence and helped them financially and militarily. This resulted in a war between India
and Pakistan in December 1971 that ended in surrender of the Pakistan forces in East Pakistan
and the formation of Bangladesh as an independent country.
2. How is the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) a major regional
initiative by South Asian States to evolve co-operation through multilateral means? Assess.
Answer: Role of SAARC:
Role of SAARC can be identified in the following ways:
1. ‘South Asia Association for Regional Co-operation’ (SAARC) is a regional initiative among
South Asian States to evolve cooperation since 1985 onwards.
2. It consists of seven members to encourage mutual harmony and understanding.
3. SAARC has initiated SAFTA (South Asian Free Trade Agreement) to form free trade zones
for whole South Asia for collective economic security.
4. SAARC has projected economic development of its member states to reduce their
dependencies on the non-regional powers.
South Asian free Trade Agreement (SAFTA) was signed by SAARC members in 2004 with the
following features:
1. Formation of free trade zone for whole South Asia.
2. To lower trade tarrifs by 20%.
3. To sustain mutual trade and cooperation among SAARC members.
3. Like India why could democracy not take roots in Pakistan despite the fact that both the
countries share a common part?
Or
Explain the factors responsible for Pak’s failure in building a stable democracy.
Or
Describe any two pro-democracy factors present in Pakistan which can pave the way for
establishing a lasting democratic setup over there?
Or
“Since 1947 Pakistan has been experimenting with democratic system and the military rule”.
In the light of above statement explain any two reasons why democratic system has not
been stable there?
Answer: The following factors are responsible for Pakistan’s failure in building a stable
democracy:
1. The lack of genuine international support for a democratic rule in Pakistan has encouraged
to military to continue its dominance. The US and other countries have also supported military
rule due to fulfilling their own interests.
2. Pakistan’s conflict with India has made paramilitary groups more powerful which have often
said that political parties and democracy in Pakistan are flawed, that Pakistan’s security would
be harmed by selfish minded parties and chaotic democracy, hence army stay in power is
justified.
3. The social dominance of military, clergy, and owning aristocracy has led to frequent
overthrow of elected governments and the establishing of military governments.
4. Global Islamic Terrorism and their apprehension that Pakistan’s nuclear arsenal might fall
into hands
of these terrorist groups, the military regime in Pakistan was seen as the protector of western
interests in West Asia and South Asia.
The two pro-democracy factors present in Pakistan that can pave the way for establishing a
lasting democratic set up over there are:
1. Pakistan bears a courageous and entirely free press.
2. Pakistan enjoys strong human rights movement.
4. What are the major differences between SAARC and European Union as an alternative
centres of poor?
Answer: 1. The European Union bears economic political-diplomatic and military influence all
over the region and its closest neighbours whereas SAARC is limited towards its South Asian
Region only.
2. The member states of European Union are maximum from among the developed countries
while SAARC members are from among least developed countries (LOCs)
3. The EU behaves like a nation state by having its own anthem and currency but SARRC does
not enjoy these.
4. The EU performance as an important bloc in international economic organisations such as
WTO but SAARC has initiated SAFTA only to cooperate economically among its member
states.
Picture/Map Based Questions [5 Marks]
Al. Study the picture given below and answer the questions that follow:
1. What does the cartoon represent?
2. What does the equations speak about?
3. “I’m always good at calculations”. What does this represent?
Answer:
1. Dual role of Pakistan’s ruler Pervez
Musharraf as the president and as army General. ,
2. These equations speak about dominance of one person militarily more rather than only
president.
3. It shows the nation that Musharraf wants to command the country militarily and
administratively both to strengthen his power because president’s survival is not easy without
military support.
2. Study the picture given below and answer the questions that follow:
Questions
1. What does the cartoon represent?
2. Which animals do represent Sinhala and LTTE?
3. What does Sri Lankan leadership speak in the cartoon?
Answer:
1. Sri Lanka’s ethnic conflict between LTTE and Sinhala.
2. Sinhala by Lion, LTTE by Tiger.
3. Sri Lankan leadership is supposed to balance both Sinhala hardliners and Tamil militants
while negotiating peace.
B. On a political outline map of world locate and label the following and symbolise them as
indicated:
Questions
1. A landlocked country with multi-party competition.
2. Centrally located and shares borders with most South Asian Countries.
3. Earlier the island had Sultan as head, now its a republic.
4. A landlocked country with a monarchy.
5. Country, where military has prevailed over democracy
Answer:
1. Bhutan
2. India
3. Maldives
4. Nepal
5. Pakistan
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