Chapter 6 Globalization and Its Critics

 QNO1:- WHAT IS WORLD WIDE INTER-CONNECTEDNESS? WHAT

ARE ITS COMPONENTS?

OR

EXPLAIN GLOBALISATION?

Ans: - Worldwide interconnectedness means the flow or movement of ideas

capital, commodities & people from one part of the world to another. Its

components are ideas, capital commodities and people. In todays world

states & peoples cannot live in isolation, rather they have to live as inter-

connected. People living in different parts of the world feel that they are not

members of the different nations, but members of a world community it is

called globalization

Q.2:- EXPLAIN THE ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN DEVELOPMENT OF

GLOBALIZATION?

OR

HOW HAS TECHNOLOGY CONTRIBUTED TO GLOBALIZATION?

ANS:- Technology has played a very important role in the development of

globalization. Revolution in communication and information technology has

brought the state very close to each other and it has increased the

interdependence of the states. Technology has made it possible for the

people capital, commodities, and ideas etc. to move from one region to

another region.

CONCLUSION:- To conclude we can say that it is due to advancement in

technology, events taking place in one part of the world has impact over

other parts of the world. Thus technology has played major role in the

development of globalization.

Q.3:- GIVE TWO NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES/ EFFECTS OF

GLOBALIZATION?

ANS :- (I) Globalization has increased poverty & in-equalities.

(II) Market based economy & capitalism has made rich, richer & poor,

poorer.

Q.4:- WHAT IS Global VILLAGE?

ANS:- In the late 20th century, the revolution in the means of

communication has changed the world in “global village” by lessening its

distance. The world is considered to be a global village with global issues &

problems.

Q.5:- EVALUATE POLITICAL CONSEQUENCES OF GLOBALIZATION?

OR

CRITICALLY EVALUATE THE IMPACT OF THE CHANGING ROLE OF

THE STATE IN THE DEVELOPED COUNTRIES IN THE LIGHT OF

GLOBALIZATION?

ANS:- The revolution in the means of communication during the late 20th

century has changed the world in global village by lessening its distances.

Globalization has affected the state activities of the developing third world

countries. Globalization has increased as well as decreased the role of

state activities in developing countries.

(a}Globalization has increased the role of state activities in the

following ways.

(1) With the enhanced technologies available to the state, to collect

information about its citizens, the state has become powerful to rule as

compared to earlier times, it is because of globalization.

(2) State is still dominant institution in developing countries.

(3} State has full power to maintain law and orders in the state.

(4) Globalization has led to flow of commodities, capital, People and ideas

across national boundaries. Because of globalization investors of

developed countries are investing in developing countries where they get

better returns.

(b) Globalization has decreased the role of state activities in the

following ways.

(1) It has reduced the capacity of the state to perform welfare functions.

(2) It has greatly affected the decision making power of the state.

(3) Due to globalization private sector has become more important than

public sector.

(4) Globalization has given birth to liberalization & liberalization has

reduced the duties & responsibilities of the state.

Q.6:- WHAT ARE THE ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF THE

GLOBALIZATION. HOW HAS GLOBALIZATION IMPACTED ON INDIA

WITH REGARD TO THIS PARTICULAR DIMENSION?

OR

EXPLAIN ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCE OF GLOBALIZATION?

ANS :-(i) Economic globalization draws the role of international institutions

like the I.M.F (International Monetary Fund) & W.T.O (World Trade

Organization) & the role they play in determining economic policies across

the world.

(ii) It shows the distribution of economic gains & it also involves greater

economic flows among different countries of the world.

(iii) Economic globalization has created an intense division of opinion all

over the world.

(iv) Economic globalization has also led to the flow of ideas across national

boundaries.

(v) Some economists have described economic globalization as re-

colonization of the World.

(vi) Economic globalization has benefited the whole world.

Impact of globalization on India with regard to economic globalization

.

Globalization has been beneficial for India in following ways.

(I) Because of economic globalization many new production units have

been Set up in India in the areas of automobiles, information technology,

electronic, Food processing industries etc.

(II) Due to economic globalization, the prices of many consumer goods

have come down.

(III) Economic globalization has led to the tremendous growth in

telecommunication Sector. People can see many TV channels. Mobile

phones have reached every Where and to the masses.

(IV) Due to economic globalization, Indias share in the trade of goods &

services in the World has increased.

(V) Economic globalization has led to the encouragement of liberalization &

privatization in India.

Q.7:- DESCRIBE CULTURAL CONSEQUENCES OF GLOBALIZATION?

OR

DO YOU AGREE WITH THE ARGUMENT THAT GLOBALIZATION

LEADS TO CULTURE HETEROGENITY?

ANS:- All societies have their own culture and one culture differ from

another culture. Cultures are not static. All Cultures are affected by outside

influence.

I fully agree with the view that globalization leads to culture

heterogenity. Due to globalization, no culture can Dis-appear. But

globalization leads to each culture becoming more different & distinctive, it

is called heterogenisation.

Cultural consequences of globalization:

(I}Globalization has almost enriched every culture. It has neither created

nor destroyed any culture but it has made some addition in the customs &

fashions of every culture.

(II) Because of globalization culture of one society has been affected by

cultures of other societies.

(III) Interactions among different cultures have enlarged our likes & dislikes.

For e.g. globalization has brought burger & pizza to India.

Q.8:- HOW THE GLOBALIZATION IMPACTED ON INDIA & HOW IS

INDIA IN TURN IMPACTING ON GLOBALIZATION?

ANS:- The impact of globalization has been beneficial for India. The

following points make it clear that globalization has profound impact on

India.

(1) Because of globalization many new production units have been set up

in India, in the areas of automobiles, information technology, electronics,

food processing industries etc.

(2)Due to globalization the prices of many consumer goods have come

down.

(3) Globalization has led to the tremendous growth in telecommunication

sector. People can see many TV channels. Mobiles phone have reached

everywhere & to the masses of India.

(4) Due to globalization Indias share in the trade of goods and services in

the world has increased.

(5) Globalization has led to the encouragement of the liberalization &

privatization in India.

Resistance to globalization in India:- Resistance to globalization

has come from different quarters. Left parties in India have opposed

economic liberalization. India social forum, trade unions & farmers union

have opposed the entry of multi nationals. Rightists have also opposed

globalization because western culture has been influencing Indian culture I.

e. dress, fashion etc.

Q.9:- WRITE A SHORT NOTE ON WORLD SOCIAL FOROM (WSF)?

ANS:- WSF is an amalgamation of economic, social & political movements

from around the world. This body brings together human rights activists,

environmentalists, labour leaders, and women activists etc. who opposed

neo-liberal globalization. The first meeting of WSF was held in Brazil in

2001 & 4th meeting of WSF was held in Mumbai India in 2004.

Q.10:- EXPLAIN GLOBALIZATION & ITS MAIN FEAURES?

ANS:- The revolution in the means of communication in the late 20th

century changed the world in “Global village” by lessening its distance.

According to Robertson. Globalization is concept that refers to the

compression of the world & the intensification of the consciousness

of the world as a whole. Thus globalization is a process by which the

planet earth is considered to be one single unit where social & economic

interaction among the people is based on interdependence. Globalization

can also be explained as globalization of world market & link the economy

of all countries of the world with world market. Globalization implies the flow

of movement of goods, capital, commodities & people. Globalization is a

step towards socio-economic, scientific & technological development of the

whole mankind. It has made easier to solve the world problems.

Features of globalization:-

(1) Global economy:- Due to globalization it has been observed that

national economies have been integrated into global economy. Trade has

come out of national boundaries.

(2) Expansion of industrialization & multi-national corporation:-

Globalization has increased the value of MNCS. The output of MNCs is

more than a state corporation that is why now MNCs dominate the world

market. For e.g. (I) General Motors & ford in automobiles industry. (II)

ESSO, shell & B.P oil industry (III) McDonalds fast food chain AT& T. (IV)

international news corporation in the communication sector.

(3) Establishment of global institutions:- Due to globalization countries

of the world have formed institutions that have global appeal & these

institutions wrote for the solution of the global problems for e.g. UNO.

(4) Global movements:-various movements have been launched

throughout the world